@article{ author = {SafiKeykaleh, Meysam and Jahangiri, Katayoon and Tabatabaie, Shahnaz}, title = {Mental Health Challenges in Immigrant and Refugee Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review}, abstract ={Background: Half of the world’s refugees comprise children and adolescents. Confronting conflicts and difficulties before, during, and after migration and seeking asylum affect their mental health. The present study aimed at investigating the challenges of mental health of migrant and refugee adolescents and children.  Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted in the second half of 2016 using PubMed, Scopus, Magiran, SID, and Google Scholar databases. From the 2014 studies initially selected, 20 articles that specifically attended to examining the mental health of migrant and refugee adolescents and children were finally extracted. Results: According to previous studies, the refugee adolescents and children encounter much harm. In addition to psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, post-trauma stress disorder and psychosomatic pains, this group of refugees also suffers from a decline in flexibility and behavioral and cognitive functions. These conditions have been reported more often in refugee adolescents and children who have been separated from their parents or left far away from them.  Conclusion: Before a crisis occurs, policymakers and planners should formulate and implement educational programs along with the participation of parents and teachers in order for children to cope with conditions of disasters, and in order to promote the culture of resilience. The health system, while developing special care programs must prioritize the training of its employees in order to provide services. Most studies have attended to the incidence of symptoms of refugees’ psychological disorders, while it seems necessary to conduct intervention studies with the aim of identifying elements of risk and ways to resolve these elements. }, Keywords = {Mental health, Refugees, Asylum seekers, Adolescents, Child}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {3-10}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.1.3}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-176-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-176-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {EsmailzadehGatabi, Gholamreza and Jalili, Zahra and Farmanbar, Rabiollah}, title = {Effect of Stress Management Training Based on PRECEDE Model on Prehospital Emergency Staff Occupational Tension in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 2016}, abstract ={Background: One of the most important sources of tension in everyone’s life is their job. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of stress management training using the PRECEDE model on the occupational tension of the pre-hospital emergency staff. Materials and Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental field trial controlled study that included emergency medical technicians from 115 emergency center for disaster management and 78 urban and road base in the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. According to the inclusion criteria, the subjects were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=65) and control groups (n=65). Data were collected using the stress factors questionnaire and questionnaire based on PRECEDE model. After the pretest, according to the results of the PRECEDE model-based instruction in 2 days, every 4 hours during 5 separate meeting it was.  Results: After the training, the variables of predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling, and the behavior in the intervention group increased significantly (P<0.05) compared to the control group. The mean score of occupational tension in the intervention group reduced from 3.18 to 2.49. Conclusion: The findings showed that education based on PRECEDE model increases the predisposing factor (knowledge and attitude), reinforcing factor, and enhancer factor. These factors have the potential to affect the behavior more effectively. According to this, educational intervention based on PRECEDE model structures is effective on job stress and behavior. Researchers have suggested training on this pattern.}, Keywords = {EMS, Occupational stress, Stressors, Technicians, Tension}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {11-20}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.1.11}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-142-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-142-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Rezaei, Fatemeh and Yarmohammadian, Mohammad and MolaviTaleghani, Yasamin and Sheikhbardsiri, Hojjat}, title = {Risk Assessment of Surgical Procedures in a Referral Hospital}, abstract ={Background: Adverse Events (AEs) due to failure in healthcare procedures are common. These procedures are often evaluated independently. The objectives of this study are to investigate the nature of the failures in healthcare procedures of the surgical patients, assessing the frequency of these failures and preventability, and exploring their consequences, underlying causes, and prevention strategies in a referral hospital in the center of Iran. Materials and Methods: This study is a prospective quantitative and qualitative research. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) meetings have been conducted to understand potential failures, their consequences, causes, and prevention strategies. Afterwards, the frequencies of these concepts have been determined separately in predefined subcategories in each step of the process. Results: The first phase of the patient care process was the most risk-prone phase. Temporary or permanent disability at the time of discharge (final impacts), inflammation/infection (injuries), the rule-based behavior associated with coordination (causes), information and communication, preventability more than 50 were the most frequent failures and had achieved the highest score. Conclusion: Failures of healthcare processes are preventable to a high degree, although patients injure frequently. Interventions to mitigate these failures will enhance the reliability of surgical procedures.}, Keywords = {Risk assessment, Patient care management, Health risk, Patient safety, Surgical procedures}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {21-30}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.1.21}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-163-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-163-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Saei, Azam and Rahmani, Ali and Ebadi, Abbas and Khankeh, Hamid Rez}, title = {Driver’s Effective Factors in Traffic Accident: A Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods}, abstract ={Background: Human factors have the most significant effects on the occurrence of traffic accidents among the three factors of human, road, and vehicle. The driver is a significant traffic safety concern. Interventions that enhance driver’s safety are required. Risky behaviors of drivers on the road influence physical healthy and personality. The aim of this study is to report the protocol for a sequential explanatory mixed methods study that set out to determine the drivers’ traffic factors, the associated factors and exploring the perception of drivers about the risky traffic factors on the road. The ultimate purpose of the study is to design a preventive and cultural based strategy to promote driver’s safety. Materials and Methods: This is a sequential explanatory mixed methods design. The study has two sequential strands. The follow-up explanation model has used to develop the quantitative results by gathering qualitative data from participants who could assist in elucidating the results correctly. During the first strand (a quantitative phase) and a population-based cross-sectional survey of a sample of drivers of all ages and level of experiences will be carried out using the proportional random sampling method, in Tehran, Iran. Data will be collected by questionnaires involving items on socio-demographic information, items on measuring health (Drivers Medical Questionnaire), and questions on five-factor Personality (NEO-FFI), drivers risky behaviors (Manchester driving behavior questionnaire). Questionnaires will be completed through a face-to-face interview. In the second strand, a qualitative study will be conducted. A purposeful sampling strategy will be used, and participants who can help to explain the quantitative findings will be selected. Individual fully developed interviews will predominate data collection in the qualitative strand the. A qualitative content analysis approach will be undertaken to create an itemized understanding of the traffic-risky behaviors among drivers of all ages and level of experiences. Conclusion: The findings of this explanatory mixed methods study will provide information on traffic-risky behaviors by all drivers. The results will be implemented to design a cultural based strategy, and intervention programs are to be designed to promote driver’s health in the community.}, Keywords = {Explanatory mixed methods, Human factors, Drivers, Traffic accidents}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {31-38}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.1.31}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-149-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-149-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Javadi, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein and Tahmasebi, Siyamak and AzariArghun, Taherh and Edrisi, Forugh and Soltani, Esmail and Hashemi, Sa'adollah and Tajlili, Alirza and Rahmani, Nader}, title = {Investigation of the Psychosocial Factors Affecting High Risk Driving Behaviors in Adolescents in the City of Tehran, 2014}, abstract ={Background: Driving accidents are among the most important causes of mortality in the world in recent years. In Iran, especially in major cities such as Tehran, this issue has become a prevalent social problem. More importantly, adolescents and young people constitute the majority of the victims of traffic accidents. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the psychosocial dimensions affecting high risk driving behaviors in adolescents in the age group between 12 to 17 years, in the city of Tehran. Materials and Methods: The present study has taken a quantitative (correlation) approach by selecting a sample of 537 adolescents aged between 12 to 17 years and the psychosocial factors affecting high risk driving behaviors were assessed. The samples were selected by a Stratified-cluster method from the insurance company, hospitals and education correctional centers. Results: Our study demonstrate that among psychological factors, three determinants, namely national religious identity, attitude toward laws and rules, and aggression were able to predict high risk behaviors in boys group with coefficient of B, 0.24, and 0.16, respectively; while the strongest predictor of high risk behavior is national religious identity. On the other hand, in the girls’ group, two factors, namely autocratic parenting and attitude toward law and rules were able to predict high risk behaviors with coefficients of B, 0.19, and 0.18, respectively; while the strongest predictor was the autocratic style of parenting. Among social factors, our findings show that participation in the plan to cooperate with traffic police with coefficients of Beta 0.26 and 0.21, respectively, is the strongest predictor of high risk behavior in adolescent boys and girls.  Conclusion: Among predictor variables aggression, law breaking behavior, and national religious identity can better predict driving accidents, attitude toward law, and high risk behaviors. Aggression, attitude, and law breaking behavior are considered as abnormal behaviors that lead to legal problems, delinquencies, substance abuse and other destructive behaviors among adolescents and consequently cause damage, injury and disabilities in themselves and others. Moreover, involvement in aggressive behaviors can play a critical role in creating and exacerbating new behavioral problems in adolescents, and those problems are carried over immutably at the later stages of their life.}, Keywords = {High risk behaviors, Psychological social factors, Adolescents}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {39-50}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.1.39}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-162-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-162-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Dargahi, Abdollah and Bagheri, Susan and Poursadeghiyan, Mohsen and HosseiniAhagh, Mir Mohammad and Farrokhi, Mehr}, title = {Knowledge and Attitudes of Students in Khalkhal Medical Sciences Faculty on Health Actions in Emergencies}, abstract ={Background: Health measures in an emergency are one of the cases where damage caused by disasters can be reduced with proper implementation, and the health crisis can be controlled. This requires awareness and knowledge of health and rescue authorities, students, and even people in an emergency situation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge of students’ and attitude in Khalkhal Medical School in the field of emergency health measures. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-cross sectional study, which was conducted in the 2013-2014 school year in Khalkhal Medical School using a researcher-made questionnaire. Designed questionnaire include questions about personal information, level of knowledge (10 questions) and attitude (10 questions) towards health measures in an emergency. This study was conducted among 200 students who were either in semester 5 or higher. The sampling method was of census-type. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, Alpha Cronbach’s Coefficient obtained to be 0.8. To compare mean scores in different groups, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and independent T-test were used. Results: The results showed that 8% of students were well aware, 65.5% were moderately aware, and 26% were poorly aware. In addition, 29% of them had right attitude, 15% had moderate attitude, and 9% had a poor attitude towards health measures in emergencies. Among different disciplines regarding knowledge and attitude, no significant difference was observed (P<0.05) and there was a significant difference between age groups regarding the level of knowledge and attitude (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that there was no significant difference in knowledge and attitude towards health measures in emergencies among students. Moreover, the results showed that some of the fields under study had a relatively small understanding of health measures in emergencies. Therefore, to enhance their level of knowledge, the need for more detailed planning is felt, and courses should be included for students of the University of Medical Sciences in this regard.}, Keywords = {Knowledge and attitude, Health measures, Emergencies, Students}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {51-56}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.1.51}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-174-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-174-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Farajzadeh, Mohammad and GhaneiGheshlagh, Reza and Beiramijam, Mehdi and Dalvand, Sahar and Ghawsi, Sarkawt and Amini, Hadi}, title = {Preparedness of Nurses for Crises and Disasters in Imam Khomeini and Social Security Hospitals of Saqqez}, abstract ={Background: Disasters outside of human control can severely affect public health. In addition, the lack of appropriate planning and preparedness to face disasters can exacerbate the problems emerging from disasters. The current study aimed to determine the preparedness of nurses in facing disasters.  Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 257 nurses of the Imam Khomeini and Tamin Ejtemaei hospitals of Saqqez in 2017 using the census method. Demographic forms and a questionnaire consisting of knowledge, attitude, and performance were used to collect data. Results: In this study, there were 86(33.5%) men and 171(66.5%) women with the mean age of 33.9±7.3 years. The mean score of knowledge (36±11.9), attitude (65.3±11.02), performance (51.9±27.5), and preparedness (153.2±31.3) was higher than that of the average values. The result showed that knowledge was correlated with age (P=0.010). Also, there was a correlation of attitude with marriage (P=0.017) and performance with gender (P=0.0103) and management experience (P=0.002). Conclusion: The result of the study showed that the score preparedness of the nurses was average, which was undesirable. It is recommended that the nurses should be provided continuous training to deal with disasters by creating an appropriate environment and motivating them to improve preparedness conditions. }, Keywords = {Disasters, Preparedness, Nurse}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {57-63}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.1.57}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-156-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-156-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ranjbar, Maryam and Soleimani, Ali Akbar and SalehSedghpour, Bahram and MohammadiShahboulaghi, Farahnaz and Paton, Douglas and Noroozi, Mehdi}, title = {Associating Factors With Public Preparedness Behavior Against Earthquake: A Review of Iranian Research Literature}, abstract ={Local preparedness against earthquakes has been recently highlighted in research and policies on disaster management and risk reduction promotion in Iran. To advance the understanding of public preparedness and how it can be applied in diverse localities, further information is required about the predictors of people’s adoption of mitigation activities and earthquake preparedness. A synthesis of the available published research results on earthquake preparedness and the influencing factors in Iran are presented in this literature review. It emphasizes the complexity of both the concept of preparedness and the contextual factors that mediate its adoption. The predominant roles of public awareness, trusted information resources, social capital and community collaboration as predictors are discussed. }, Keywords = {Earthquake, Preparedness, Public awareness, Community collaboration, Iran}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {67-76}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.2.67}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-195-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-195-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Hoseini, Seied Davood and Khankeh, Hamid Reza and Dalvandi, Asghar and Saberinia, Amin and Rezasoltani, Pouria and Mirzaeirad, Seiedeh Zahr}, title = {Comparing the Effect of the Two Educational Methods: Competency-Based, and Lecture, on the Knowledge and Performance of Nurses in the Field of Hospital Triage}, abstract ={Background: The most critical issue in providing appropriate services to the large number of patients referring to emergency wards is the proper conduct of triage, by considering the shortage of personnel and the insufficiency of facilities. The learning of the triage can only be possible through retraining of nurses. Therefore, this study attempts to compare the two educational methods, competency-based training and lecture, and to compare their impact on the knowledge and performance of nurses regarding triage. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 75 nurses employed in the emergency wards of Fatemeh Al-Zahra, Rasul Akram, and Shahid Motahari hospitals were selected based on the inclusion criteria of the study. Nurses were placed in three groups (one control and two intervention, n=25) through a simple random method person groups of control and intervention. The researcher-made tools included “triage knowledge test” with 15 questions, and “triage performance checklist” that included 50 scores. The validity of the tests was performed through the formal and content method with the opinion of experts, and the reliability was verified through the test-retest method for which the Pearson Correlation Coefficient was 0.88. After examining the level of knowledge and performance, the intervention was carried out through two methods in the two groups. Eventually, a renewed test and the performance checklist were carried out for all the three groups and data were analyzed using SPSS software V. 21. Results: There is a significant difference between the mean score for knowledge and performance in the two groups before and after intervention (P<0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the two intervention groups and control in the mean difference of scores for knowledge and performance in conducting the triage (P<0.05). Comparison between the two intervention groups demonstrates that in the performance part, the competency-based group had a higher performance score (P<0.05). Conclusion: Education and training through the competency-based method have more effect than lecture training on the performance of nurses in the field of triage. It is suggested to use this method for retraining of nurses in the field of triage.}, Keywords = {Triage, Competency-based education, Lecture, Nurse}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {77-84}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.2.77}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-172-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-172-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Amini, Mohammad Taghi and Noroozi, Rez}, title = {Relationship Between Self-Management Strategy and Self-Efficacy Among Staff of Ardabil Disaster and Emergency Medical Management Centers}, abstract ={Background: The nature of the work in the emergency department is as if the unwilling persons are in trouble. Self-efficacy is necessary to overcome obstacles in this type of job. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-management strategy and self-efficacy of emergency staff, stressing on the mediating role of job stress and safety behavior. Materials and Methods: The present study is a non-experimental design and more precisely a correlation scheme of structural equation type. The study population consisted of all emergency department staff, including road and city campus in Ardabil province in 2017. To select the study sample group, 5 personnel from 40 bases in the entire province were randomly selected. A total of 200 employees were selected as the sample of the study. Harris job Stress Questionnaire (1995), General Health Questionnaire, Safety Behavior Questionnaire, and Self-management Strategy Questionnaire were used for data collection. Results: The results showed a significant negative relationship between job stress and self-efficacy (P<0.001). Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between safety behavior and self-management with self-efficacy (P<0.001). In addition, the present study showed that the job stress and safety behavior play a mediator role between self-management and self-efficacy of emergency staff. Conclusion: In general, considering that job stress, safety behavior and self-management predictive self-efficacy of emergency staff. Individuals with high self-efficacy wait for the desired outcomes of their performance. So by giving stress management training and applying their safety principles and strategies, targeting can create a sense of self-efficacy such that a person can withstand persistent efforts to overcome obstacles. Improving working conditions also plays an effective role in increasing productivity.}, Keywords = {Job stress, Safety behavior, Self-efficacy, Self-management }, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {85-90}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.2.85}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-182-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-182-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Miri, Ali and Hami, Mahsa and Dargahi, Abdollah and Poursadeghiyan, Mohsen and Farrokhi, Mehrdad and Ivanbagha, Reyhaneh and Khalesi, Mohammad Masoo}, title = {Study on the Awareness of the Students of Azad University of Medical Sciences About Nutrition and Food Storing Stuff During Crisis}, abstract ={Background: Consumption of healthy and hygienic foods is imperative to live a healthy life. This issue is of greater importance when obtaining foodstuff is relatively tough. The countries prone to natural disasters should always be prepared for a crisis. The present study aims to investigate awareness among the students in Azad University of Medical Sciences regarding nutrition and storing foodstuff in case of crisis.  Materials and Methods: A descriptive-analytical method was used in the present study. The study participants included 1350 students in Azad University of Medical Science which were selected randomly from all students in the academic year 2015-2016. Experts confirmed the validity of the questionnaire and it was distributed among the students. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS version 16.  Results: Given the results of the study, only 35% of the participants had a good level of awareness, 38.5% had moderate awareness, and 26.5% had low level of awareness about nutrition and how to store food during crisis. No significant gender and age (α=0.05) difference was observed. Conclusion: Health experts and authorities should be aware of nutrition safety and sampling risky foods. This process can be helpful in case of a crisis, especially during early hours of the crisis and after the settlement of the displaced population are essential. To that end, training the experts and authorities responsible for such situations can be helpful. Therefore, holding training courses and teaching for related authorities on how to prevent waterborne and foodborne disease can prevent from food poisoning outbreaks and high mortality rate.}, Keywords = {Awareness, Nutrition, Storing foodstuff, Food safety, Disaster }, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {91-96}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.2.91}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-131-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-131-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {SedaghatiShokri, Batoul and Davoodi, Seyed Rasoul and Azimmohseni, Majid and Khoshfar, Gholamrez}, title = {Drivers’ Addiction Toward Cell Phone Use While Driving}, abstract ={Background: The use of a cell phone when driving has been recognized as a type of distraction worldwide. Addictive tendency to use technology, including cell phone use while driving may be a substantial problem for drivers and increasing risk of accidents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drivers’ addiction to use a cell phone while driving.  Materials and Methods: A sample of 400 drivers with ages 18-65 years old completed a questionnaire which was designed based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Hierarchical regression analysis was utilized to predict drivers’ addiction to use a cell phone while driving on demographic characteristics and TPB components.  Results: Drivers had mean age of 35.63(8.72) and were 77% male, and 23% female. Tests of validity and reliability were conducted for every variable. According to findings, the hierarchical regression analysis model showed that the TPB was able to predict 59% variance in addiction toward cell phone use and attitude emerging as the strongest predictor during this analysis. All components of TPB were more independent to age than gender. Conclusion: The fundamental TPB components were directly associated with the addiction to use a cell phone when driving. The present study has identified that older drivers were considerably less probable to use a cell phone while driving. Also this study showed that males use a cell phone significantly more frequent. More practical road safety measures are required to rebuff and mitigate the effects of using cell phones while driving.}, Keywords = {Human factor, Traffic accident, Distraction, Cell phone, Driver}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {97-104}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.2.97}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-177-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-177-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Azadi, Arman and Sahebi, Ali and Tavan, Hame}, title = {The Attitudes, Knowledge and Performance of Ilam Nurses Regarding Disaster Preparedness}, abstract ={Background: Currently, hospital preparedness is an essential element for disaster management. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the attitudes, knowledge and performance of nurses with respect to crisis management. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken among 112 nurses working in three hospitals affiliated to the Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Iran. A questionnaire designed according to previous studies was used to identify demographic information, nurses’ attitudes (11 questions), knowledge (6 questions), and performance (6 questions) regarding hospital preparedness during disasters. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 19.0.  Results: The overall scores for attitude, knowledge, and performance of nurses were 27.35, 9.5, and 3.88, respectively. There was a significant correlation between educational degree and nurses’ attitude (P=0.027). Also, there was a significant relationship between work experience and nurses’ attitude regarding hospital preparedness during disasters (P=0.022). Conclusion: Although most of the nurses had a fair attitude regarding hospital preparedness during disasters, their knowledge and performance were poor.}, Keywords = {Knowledge, Attitude, Nurses, Disaster preparedness}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {105-112}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.2.105}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-160-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-160-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Khademipour, Gholamreza and SaberiAnari, Seyyed Mohammad and NekoyiMoghadam, Mahmoud and Masoudi, Ahmad and JafariBaghini, Rez}, title = {Comprehensive Assessment and Zonation of Drought Risk and Vulnerability in Kerman Province}, abstract ={Background: Drought can be considered as a characteristic deviation from the normal climatic conditions that manifest itself in variables like rainfall, soil moisture and level of water rivers and underground water. According to the National Drought Monitoring and Warning Center of Iran and based on the SPI index, by February 2017, around 60% of Kerman Province was involved in severe drought, and about 16% suffered from severe drought. The risk of drought is a function of the intensity and duration of drought as well as the vulnerability of the community against the drought. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the risk of drought and its mapping in Kerman Province.  Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study that besides determining the risk of drought, assess the level of vulnerability of Kerman Province against drought. In order to evaluate the risk of drought, we used the equation DRI=DHI * DVI. Using the relationship DHI=(MDr * MDw)+(VSDr * VSDw)+(SDr * SDw), the Drought Hazard Index was extracted. The data obtained from the study was mapped by using ArcGIS 9.0. Results:  Based on the study results, 6.3% of Kerman Province, 11581 Km2, was involved in severe drought. This province with mean drought vulnerability index of 4.5, has low tolerance against drought and the consequences could affect dramatically the communities in this province. Conclusion: The measures to reduce the vulnerability in social, economic, ecologic, and health areas not only lower the risk in the drought-affected areas, but also prevent secondary damages like immigration, marginalization, and social, cultural problems in large and capital cities of the province. }, Keywords = {Vulnerability, Drought assessment, Kerman}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {113-120}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.2.113}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-150-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-150-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {SafiKeykaleh, Meysam and KhorasaniZavareh, Davoud and Safarpour, Hamid and Gholamnia, Rez}, title = {Different Perception, Different Behavior, Necessity of Consensus Over “Risk” Term}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Risk definition, Behavior, Perception}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {121-122}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.3.121}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-185-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-185-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Farhadloo, Roohollah and KashaniNejad, Mahdi and HajiMohammadHoseini, Mahsa and Vahedian, Mostafa and ParvareshMasoud, Mohamm}, title = {Investigating the Effect of Training With the Method of Simulation on the Knowledge and Performance of Nursing Students in the Pre-Hospital Triage}, abstract ={Background: Triage is the key for success in management of large numbers of injured and limited resources, and without preparedness of nurses to would seem an impossible task. This study has been conducted with the aim of determining the effect of training through the method of simulation on the knowledge and performance of nursing students in carrying out the pre-hospital triage. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 70 students of nursing who were selected based on the study’s inclusion criteria and through the randomized sampling method. The researcher tools included “triage test having 10 questions of four options each and practical test including examining the correct performance of triage based on START criteria by using 10 designed simulated mockup models and based on the injury received by the victim and the level of injury”. The validity of the test was verified through the formal and content validity method, and the reliability of the knowledge questionnaire based on the Cronbach-Alpha Coefficient was obtained to be equal to 0.87. After examining the level of knowledge on triage before training, the triage training workshop was held in two sessions of two hours each and through the simulation method, and again the scientific test and practical test were performed. For data analysis, the paired t-test and independent t-test were used, and the Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used to examine data normality. Data were analyzed using SPSS software-version 16. Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that the level of students’ knowledge significantly increased from 4.6±1.94 before training to 7.40±1.35 after training. Their performance significantly increased from 4.90±1.6 to 8.30±1.5. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that training with the simulation method on mockup model was effective on the preparedness of nurses for triage when accidents and emergencies occur. It was also found that training improves their preparedness in this regard. It is recommended that for better preparedness of nurses in triage in case of accidents and medical emergencies, this training method should be used.}, Keywords = {Nursing students, Mockup model, Disasters, Triage}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {123-130}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.3.123}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-164-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-164-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Almasi, Seyed Ahmad and Khabiri, Mohammad Mehdi and FallahTafti, Mehdi and Akbarzadeh, Meisam}, title = {Development of a Methodology to Identify Crucial Emergency Stations for Quick Relief Response to the Damaged Urban Areas Following an Earthquake (Case Study: Isfahan City Center)}, abstract ={Background: By identifying the geographical location for the crucial relief stations, it is possible to facilitate the accessibility of the medical services to the injured individuals in crisis situations. The main objective of this research is to study the possibility of combined application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), ArcGIS and Transcad software to identify the factors which affect the vulnerability of infrastructure in a study region, to determine the relative importance of these factors in relation to each other, to identify the high risk regions, to identify appropriate health-care centers for relief purposes and to examine the capability of these centers for providing the services required in crisis conditions.  Materials and Methods: This is a case study type of research, conducted in the central region of Isfahan, a large city located in the middle of Iran. The required data and information have been collected from the results of the “Population and Housing Census” comprising maps presenting the current status of Isfahan. They were then analyzed using Arc GIS and Transcad software and an AHP model developed by using the Expert Choice Software. Results: The obtained results revealed the possibility of successful application of the methodology proposed in this study. The results of this case study, conducted on 94 out of 186 traffic zones defined in the “Comprehensive Transportation Plan of Isfahan City,” indicated that 10 zones, mainly located in the residential areas, are highly vulnerable to be exposed to the post-earthquake incidents. The results also showed that out of 19 medical centers located at the service area of the study region, which also contribute to the 80% of the medical services in Isfahan, four medical centers with the best accessibility in the shortest time, can provide services to these 10 zones.  Conclusion: The results obtained from this case study indicated that the vulnerability of a traffic zone and its fatality rate in crisis events cannot be specified by only considering its physical conditions and other factors, e.g., population density and building density but also the lifetime of the buildings are also highly effective. In addition, due to the inappropriate positioning and being located in the narrow and vulnerable streets, some of the medical stations, such as Hojatieh Hospital and Amir-Al-Muminin Hospital, are vulnerable to post-crisis risk and there is a possibility of loss of access to these centers. }, Keywords = {Transportation, Crisis management, Important medical centers, Urban area vulnerability, GIS}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {131-142}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.3.131}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Beheshti, Mohammad Hosein and Hajizadeh, Roohalah and FarhangDehghan, Somayeh and Aghababaei, Reza and Jafari, Sayed Mohammad and Koohpaei, Alirez}, title = {Investigation of the Accidents Recorded at an Emergency Management Center Using the Pareto Chart: A Cross-Sectional Study in Gonabad, Iran, During 2014-2016}, abstract ={Background: This study investigated the accidents recorded at the Gonabad Hospital Management Center for Hospital Management from 2014 to 2016, and identified important causes or parameters that influenced the incidence of accidents using the Pareto chart. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and analytic study examined 25,414 incidents recorded at the Gonabad Hospital Management Center. The key variables such as the types of accident, age, time, types of lesion, and treatment, were collected for transport and non-transport accident. Data analysis was performed using Pareto chart as well as Minitabver v.16 and SPSS v.21 software. Results: Based on the results, the highest rate of the accidents (39.79%) were among people aged between 0-10 years. Transport accidents (17.61%) and heart attacks (10.92%) were the most common that occurred during the study. The spring had the highest rate of accidents, while the winter had the lowest. Conclusion: Transportation accidents had the highest rate of incidents and injuries; therefore, the safety of transportation and vehicles should be taken more seriously.}, Keywords = {Pareto charts, Accident analysis, Emergency centers}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {143-150}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.3.143}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-181-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-181-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {BehzadBasirat, Shahriar and Doagooyan, Davood and Shiran, Gholamreza and Amiri, Mous}, title = {The Traffic-Related Readiness of Organizations for Preventing Crisis and Traffic Damages in Metropolitan Areas}, abstract ={Background: The first effect of the any natural, artificial and social crises is on the traffic flow and the cut-off of the vital transport arteries. In this effect, various sectors involving in rescue, safety, and evacuation of the wounded and injured people, as well as many decisions made by crisis managers, face a lot of challenges. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the readiness of traffic-related organizations in preventing crisis and traffic damages in metropolitan areas. Materials and Methods: This was an applied study, and the Delphi method was used for collecting the data from respondents. The statistical population consists of 40 Iranian traffic experts. A researcher-made questionnaire was designed for collecting the data, and its validity and reliability were confirmed using Face validity criteria and Cochran’s formula (α=0.891). Friedman test was used for statistical analysis, and the goodness of the research model was measured using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The readiness to continuously monitor traffic crises (beta coefficients=0.864) and readiness for timely notification of traffic crises (beta coefficients=0.399) were reported as the highest effective variables in preventing crisis damages by traffic-related organizations. Conclusion: To deal with the traffic crises, traffic-related organizations should be ready for continuously monitoring and timely notification of traffic crises, inter-organizational interactions, and mobilization of facilities.}, Keywords = {Readiness, Traffic-related organizations, Prevention, Traffic crisis, Traffic damages}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {151-158}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.3.151}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-199-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-199-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Bakhtiari, Zahra and Fathi, Davod and HosseiniAhagh, Mir Mohammad and Hosseininejad, Seyede-Nahid and Ahmadboukani, Solim}, title = {The Relationship Between Workplace Spirituality, Job Satisfaction and Attitude Toward Death Among the Staff of the Emergency Department}, abstract ={Background: The present study was carried out aimed to examine the relationship between workplace spirituality and job satisfaction. It also aimed to determine the intermediary role of attitude toward death among emergency department staff in Shiraz city. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive and correlation study, the statistical population included 90 staff of the Shiraz Emergency department who were selected through simple random sampling in 2016-2017. Spirituality questionnaires in the workplace, life satisfaction and attitude towards death were used in this research, and the data were analyzed by SPSS and EMOS software. Results: The results of the data analysis indicated that workplace spirituality had a negative effect (β=-0.32, P=0.001) on neutral acceptance and a positive effect (β=0.21, P=0.03) on active acceptance and life satisfaction (β=0.19, P=0.05). Furthermore, out of the attitudes toward death scales, only neutral acceptance could play a mediating role between workplace spirituality and life satisfaction (β=-0.27, P=0.00). Model fitting indicators show that the model has a good fit (X2=0.86, GFA=0.97, CFI=0.99). Conclusion: The results show that workplace spirituality is compatible with life satisfaction and the mediating role of attitude toward death among the staff of the emergency department.}, Keywords = {Workplace spirituality, Life satisfaction, Attitude toward death, Staff of the emergency department}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {159-166}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.3.159}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-187-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-187-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {MehraeinNazdik, Zahra and Mohammadi, Mehdi}, title = {Comparing Shiraz and Kerman High School Students\' Knowledge for an Earthquake Encountering}, abstract ={Background: Many cities such as Tehran, Tabriz, Rudbar, Manjil, Tabas, Lar, Qazvin, Zanjan, Hamadan, and Kermanshah are prone to damages and losses caused by the earthquake. The occurrence of an earthquake can lead to the destruction of school buildings and disruption in the function of educational systems, and the first responders will be school officials and students. This study compared Shiraz and Kerman high school students' knowledge encountering the earthquake hazard.  Materials and Methods: The research method was descriptive and the statistical population included all students of junior high schools in Shiraz and Kerman cities. Through cluster sampling method and based on Cochran’s formula, 380 students in Shiraz and 376 in Kerman were randomly selected. Data collection tool was the self-administered questionnaire which was distributed among the samples after checking its validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Results: Findings revealed that 54.5% of Shiraz students and 59.4% of Kerman students received scores between 0.40 and 0.60, and 23.6% of Shiraz students and 27.1% of Kerman students received scores between 0.60 and 0.80. The level of Kerman students' knowledge was higher than Shiraz students' in the emergency measures before an earthquake (0.53 Vs 0.5, p=0.008). However, there was no difference between the two groups in their knowledge on emergency measures during and after the earthquake. Conclusion: The knowledge level of students regarding the serious risk of an earthquake was lower than standard. The level of the Kerman students' knowledge was evaluated higher than the Shiraz students'. Therefore, there is a need for training and education through new methods in order to improve the level of students’ knowledge in the emergency measures before, during, and after the earthquake. }, Keywords = {Knowledge, Students, Earthquake, Crisis management}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {167-174}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.3.167}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-157-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-157-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Eftekhari, Adel and Khorasani-Zavareh, Davoud and Nasiriani, Khadijeh}, title = {Letter to Editor: The Importance of Designing a Preventable Deaths Instrument for Road Traffic Injuries in Pre-hospital Phase}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {177-178}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.3.4.177}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-210-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-210-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Tirgar, Aram and Aghalari, Zahr}, title = {Scientific Achievements of Medical Journals in Occupational Accidents}, abstract ={Background: Occupational accidents are the second cause of occupational fatality in Iran and are among the major health, social, and economic risk factors. Since the publication of scientific articles in the field of occupational accidents reflects the concern of researchers to this important issue, the present study aimed to evaluate the scientific achievements in the field of occupational accidents in the journals of Iranian medical sciences universities. Materials and Methods: The current cross-sectional study was carried out by content analysis method on Persian journals of Iranian medical sciences universities from 2007 to 2016. For data extraction, a researcher-made data collection form tailored to the research objectives was used. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics indices. Results: Assessing a total of 52158 articles extracted from 5226 issues of 147 journals published by 49 medical sciences universities showed that the number of scientific articles in the field of occupational accidents was 259 (0.4% of the total articles). A growing trend was observed in the number of articles during the 10-year study from 12 articles in 2007 to 52 in 2016. The content analysis of the articles showed that the majority of the articles (n=85, 32.8%) were about industrial accidents followed by occupational accidents among healthcare providers (n=48, 18.5%). Most articles (n=254, 98%) were original research, and the research tools in most of the papers (n=214, 82.6%) were questionnaire and checklist. Conclusion: Although the publication of a high number of articles on occupational accidents in the journals of medical sciences universities indicates the attention of experts to the health of the workforce, research in this area is far from enough. Therefore, enhancing the attention of experts, especially the ones in occupational health, occupational medicine, ergonomics, and safety areas seems necessary.}, Keywords = {Occupational health, Safety, Journal}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {179-184}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = { محتوا}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.3.4.179}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Amani, Shahin and Tahmasbi, Siamak and Baneshi, Alireza and Poursadeghiyan, Mohsen and Karimzadeh, Mansoureh}, title = {Factors Affecting Professional Competency of Iranian Preschool Administrators Based on Crisis Management Approach}, abstract ={Background: Children’s inability to protect themselves, shows the importance of crisis management in preschool period. Preschool administrators can help them with the risk prevention during crisis. We aimed to investigate the professional competencies of preschool administrators based on crisis management approach. Materials and Methods: The study participants included 387 preschool administrators in Tehran, Iran, selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The surveying tool was a questionnaire designed based on the Child Care Director Self-Assessment instrument (North Carolina Institute, 2015), which has 76 items covering 11 different competency areas. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS (Version 21) by performing descriptive tests and inferential statistics like the Kruskal-Wallis test and the stepwise linear regression method. Results: The results showed a significant difference between professional competency of preschool administrators in terms of age, management experience and educational level (P<0.001). Also, regression results revealed that management experience and educational level can predict professional competency for crisis management, but age could not predict the variation in professional competency (P>0.05). Conclusion: Administrators who are more professionally competent in terms of technical, human, and perceptual skills are more qualified for the preschool management, but age variables can not predict eligibility.}, Keywords = {Professional Competence, Educational measurement, Preschool, Crisis management }, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {185-190}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {ن }, doi = {10.32598/hdq.3.4.185}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-206-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-206-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Omidi, Nabi and Omidi, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Estimating Accident-Related Traumatic Injury Rate by Future Studies Models in Semnan Province, Iran}, abstract ={Background: Any accident is a disturbance in the balance between the human system, vehicle, road and environment. Future prediction of traumatic accidents is a valuable factor for managers to make strategic decisions in the areas of safety, health and transportation. Materials and Methods: In this study, by using Grey Model (GM) (1.1), Rolling Grey Model (RGM), Fourier Grey Model (FGM) (1.1), survival modification model, ARIMA time series, harmonic pattern and statistical data, the number of traffic injuries referred to forensic medicine centers in Semnan Province between 2017 and 2020 were predicted based on the number of traffic injured in Semnan Province from March 2009 and March 2016 . Results: The mean absolute error percentage for the GM (1.1), RGM (1), FGM (1.1), survival model, ARIMA and harmonic models were 0.994, 0.082, 0.091, 0.105, 0.05, 0.11, respectively, indicating a greater accuracy of the ARIMA method, compared to the other methods. The number of road traffic injuries in Semnan Province is decreasing and will reach 4052 in 2020. Conclusion: ARIMA model is the best method of the future studies model for the number of injured patients referred to the forensic medicine centers in Semnan Province compared to other studied methods. Future studies model shows that the injuries caused by accidents in the province of Semnan are decreasing}, Keywords = {Forecasting, Accidents, Trauma}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {191-198}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.3.4.191}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-173-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-173-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Jamshidian, Yasaman and Kiani, Arefeh and Dargahi, Shahriar}, title = {Relationship of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Meaning in Life With Health Anxiety Among Emergency Nurses}, abstract ={Background: The current study aimed to investigate the relationship of cognitive emotion regulation and meaning in life with health anxiety in nurses working in emergency department.  Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive research in the form of correlation and prediction. The sample included 100 emergency nurses in Sari City, Iran selected by randomized method of sampling. The participants completed items of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) and health anxiety questionnaire. The research data were analyzed by descriptive statistics indices, Pearson correlation analysis, Partition coefficient, and multivariate regression, using SPSS.  Results: The results suggested a significant relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and health anxiety, especially in the subscale of rumination in terms of negative cognitive emotion regulation. Also, there was a significant relationship between meaning in life and health anxiety.  Conclusion: Generally, findings of this research can be useful in future studies regarding the effect of meaning in life and cognitive emotion regulation on health anxiety.}, Keywords = {Emergency nurses, Health anxiety, Meaning of life, Cognitive emotion regulation}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {199-206}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.3.4.199}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-196-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-196-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Khankeh, Hamid Reza and Lotfolahbeygi, Mahtab and Dalvandi, Asghar and Amanat, Nasir}, title = {Effects Hospital Incident Command System Establishment on Disaster Preparedness of Tehran Hospitals Affiliated to Law Enforcement Staff Under Simulated Conditions}, abstract ={Background: Hospitals as the essential health service providers should manage their performance during incidents and disasters. The Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) is helpful in this regard. The establishment of this system assists the hospital disaster risk management committee to get prepared in emergency situations. This study aimed to assess the effect of HICS establishment on preparedness of Police Hospitals in Tehran, Iran during disasters, under simulated conditions. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental interventional study. The study participants were 55 managers of Imam Sajjad and Vali Asr hospitals in Tehran selected by census method (23 from Imam Sajjad Hospital as the control group, and 32 from Vali Asr Hospital as the experimental group). The preparedness of hospitals was measured before the intervention using Hospital Preparedness Scale (HPS) designed by Khankeh (2012). After establishment of HICS in Vali Asr Hospital, the hospital managers received a 3-day training through incident scenario. After one month, their preparedness was measured again by HPS instrument. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS (Version 18) using descriptive statistics, Independent t test and Chi-square test. Results: Establishment of HICS significantly increased preparedness of hospitals in communications, continuity of vital services, manpower, and procurement and logistics areas. Conclusion: Establishment of HICS can improve the hospitals’ preparedness at times of disasters in many aspects. It is suggested that similar studies be conducted in private and public hospitals with longer follow-up time.}, Keywords = {Preparedness, Hospital Incident Command System, Disasters}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {207-214}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.3.4.207}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-193-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-193-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Shabanikiya, Hamidreza and GholamiFadihegi, Mahdi}, title = {Strategy to Increase Pediatric Department Capacity of Selected Hospitals During Disasters}, abstract ={Background: Early discharge of inpatients is one of the most well-known strategies for hospital surge capacity in disasters. This study aimed to determine the rate of inpatient surge capacity created by early discharge in disasters in pediatrics departments of hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of all children (1-14 years old) admitted to the pediatrics departments of hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. No sampling was performed and all study population including 207 children were enrolled. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was verified by the relevant experts. Data collection was done by direct referring to the hospitals. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics including Pearson, Chi-square, and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Pediatric inpatients surge capacity created by early discharge of the four studied hospitals, including Imam Reza (AS), Ghaem (aj), Shahid Hasheminejad, Dr. Sheikh, and the total were 16(59%), 24(57%), 10(55%), 14(48%) and 64(55%) beds, respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship between the demographic variables of the patient’s doctor and his/her decision about early discharge, or between patients demographic characteristics and decision about early discharge. Conclusion: By using early discharge of inpatient pediatrics during disasters, a notable admission capacity can be created for pediatrics casualties of disasters.}, Keywords = {Early discharge, Hospital surge capacity, Pediatrics, Disaster}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {215-220}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.3.4.215}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Khankeh, Hamidreza and Kolivand, Pir Hossein and BeyramiJam, Mehdi and Rajabi, Elham}, title = {Kermanshah Health Care Services: A Lesson Learned From Iran’s Recent Earthquake}, abstract ={Background: Earthquake has always been a serious threat for humans’ health and properties. In this regard, the most urgent services for people after the occurrence of incidents and disasters, especially earthquake, is health services. Iran due to its geographic location along the Alpine-Himalayan belt is vulnerable to the occurrence of earthquakes with magnitudes of 6 and 7 on the Richter scale. Prevention of earthquake is impossible; however, it is important to use the lessons learned to reduce the physical and financial damages in similar future incidents. This study was conducted with the objective of examining the lessons learned by the workgroup of the Department of Health and Treatment in response to 7.3 magnitude Kermanshah Province earthquake. Materials and Methods: In This case study, the triangulation method including interview, participatory observation and expert panel in three sections of prehospital emergency services, medical center, and health and treatment centers, was used to assess the performance of health and treatment workgroup in response to Kermanshah earthquake. For this purpose, in addition to recording the information resulting from observation by the researcher, the reports related to EOC (Emergency Operations Center) of Kermanshah and expert assessors were examined. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with experts, directors, commanders and responsible authorities in the field of incident and the State Emergency Organization central headquarters’ staff. Finally, the collected data were analyzed.  Results: Based on the study findings, the positive points were the rapid response by the Emergency and Health system organization, effective command on the scene of incident from the first moments, fine management of human resources and the injured within reasonable time, dispatching more than 7350 injured people to treatment centers in less than 20 hours, carrying out 1980 successful operations in less than 3 days, establishing and running 6 mobile hospitals in less than 12 hours, complete supply of blood and blood derivatives, medicines, equipments and specialist force, and sustainability of health and treatment services in less than 24 hours. However, the most important problems were deficiency in protocol, absence of special assessment team and failure to use rapid assessment national standard, lack of national response plan in crisis management and the high vulnerability of hospitals’ infrastructures. Conclusion: Although in this earthquake, thanks to positive steps taken by health and treatment workgroup, great progress was observed in response operations in the area of health; however based on the study findings, there are challenges that the health system should resolve in order to improve health services in incidents and disasters. Developing the emergency organization and especially emergency air service, advancement of the status of the State Crisis Management Organization, accurate planning for aid services such as temporary sheltering and provision of latrines and bath and establishing mobile hospitals under unified management are recommended. }, Keywords = {Earthquake, Kermanshah, Lessons learned, Health system response}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {221-233}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.3.4.221}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-202-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-202-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2018} }