@article{ author = {Bahramnezhad, Fatemeh and AbbasiDolatabadi, Zahr}, title = {Letter to Editor: A Report on the First Meeting on the Role of the Nurses Working in the Intensive Care Units in Emergencies and Disasters in Iran}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-4}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.5.1.179.1}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-269-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-269-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Cheraghi, Fatemeh and YousefzadehChosari, Mohammad Reza and BeyramiJam, Mehdi and Afshari, Ali}, title = {Review Paper: Emergency Medical Technicians’ Ethical Challenges in the Prehospital Emergency Services: A Review Article}, abstract ={Background: Because of the complexity, stressfulness, and the threatening nature of the working environment of prehospital Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs), they encounter many ethical challenges during making decisions and providing quick and accurate care to patients. The present study aimed to investigate the ethical challenges among prehospital EMTs. Materials and Methods: To review all published studies, we searched SID, Medlib, Iran Medex, Magiran, Web of Science, Medline, Google Scholar, CINAHL, PubMed, Ovid, and Scopus databases from 2000-18. The keywords were “ethical challenges”, “emergency medical technicians”, and “prehospital emergency”. Results: According to the evaluation of the studies, the ethical challenge regarding prehospital emergencies included decision over dispatching an ambulance to the scene, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, triage in crisis and disaster, irrational interventions of the patient or patient’s family, intervention in accordance with patient’s informed consent, and safe driving. Conclusion: Considering the unique conditions of prehospital caring, identifying, and discovering the ethical conflicts in this field of the health care system and providing the appropriate solution are very important.}, Keywords = {Ethical challenges, Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs), Prehospital emergency}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {5-12}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.5.1.151.2}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-222-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-222-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mirzaei, Samaneh and Mohammadinia, Leila and Nasiriani, Khadijeh and DehghaniTafti, Abbasali}, title = {Review Paper: Schools’ Resilience Components in Accidents and Disasters: A Systematic Review Protocol}, abstract ={Background: Schools, as social infrastructure and an integral part of society, play an essential role in creating the resilience of the community to natural disasters. This study aims to systematically review and identify and categorize the components affecting schools’ resilience against emergencies and disasters. Materials and Methods: Without any time limit, we will search the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using the three keywords of “Disaster”, “School”, “resilience”, and their synonyms according to the MeSH website terms defined in the PubMed database. The inclusion criteria will be the articles related to school resilience, schools and emergencies and disasters, and school safety and resistance to threats. There will be no restrictions on the type of documentation, and all articles, books, and conference papers will be evaluated in this study. Search syntax strategies will be defined based on the guidance of each database. The final version of EndNote X8 is used to manage databases, delete duplicate and irrelevant articles, and extract relevant articles. The evaluation and selection of articles are based on the research question and the PRISMA checklist. Dissemination: The results of this systematic review determine appropriate criteria for school resilience, which are valuable for decision-makers and politicians, researchers in the field of education, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Welfare Organization, Red Crescent, and people interested in research in the field of students and schools, especially in the event of emergencies and disasters. Also, according to the criteria extracted from this systematic review, the difference between resilient and non-resilient schools can be shown from an international perspective.}, Keywords = {Resilience, Disasters, Schools}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {13-18}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.5.1.291.1}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-223-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-223-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mahdavian, Mina and Zolala, Farzaneh and Hosseinnejad, Maryam}, title = {Short Communication: Discrepancies of Disaster Tasks Performance Amongst Health Sectors in Iran}, abstract ={Background: Due to the unpredictable nature of disasters, it is crucial to anticipate, define and divide tasks as preparedness activities to respond efficiently. This is because the organizations involved in, becoming aware of their own tasks and other organizations’ tasks. The aim of this study is to explore disparities in the viewpoints of members of Kerman University of medical sciences and Red Crescent in emergent tasks after Bam Earthquake in Iran.  Materials and Methods: During January and February 2017 a total of 30 members from Kerman Red Crescent and Kerman University of Medical Sciences were recruited through snowball sampling with exploratory interviews and Self-administered questionnaire. The content validity of the questions was tested through obtaining opinion of expert which was acceptable (CVR=0.6, CVI=0.8). Results: The results of our study showed that there was no predefined agreement about emergent tasks over response phase to the Bam earthquake; buried corpses, and management of received national and international aids from other organizations. Also, involved organizations were not aware the specific tasks of other organizations. Conclusion: During the disaster response phase in Bam earthquake, there was no agreement about the responsible of organizations for undertaking emergent tasks. This disparity was a barrier for effective response for involved organization.}, Keywords = {Bam, Earthquake, Natural Disasters, Iran, Task Performance}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-24}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.5.1.308.1}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-248-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-248-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {HabibiSaravi, Reza and Khankeh, Hamidreza and Azar, Arash and Ghasemihamedani, Farib}, title = {Research Paper: Communicable Diseases Surveillance System in Iran: Strengths and Weaknesses 30 Years Following its Implementation}, abstract ={Background: Communicable diseases are one of the main health problems in Iran. This study aimed at demonstrating the progress of communicable diseases management in more than 30 years of its implementation and pointing out its strengths and weaknesses, as well. Materials and Methods: This interview-based study using content analysis method was conducted in 2014. Data were collected through deep interviews. Fifteen interviews were conducted with all experts and health system managers at Iran’s communicable diseases management center. The collected data were analyzed using the principles suggested by Strauss and Corbin.  Results: The establishment of the communicable disease surveillance system was a revolution in the health system of Iran. The strengths of the system are as follows: network-based and integrated health services, well-organized and knowledgeable personnel, national and international supports, strategic and operational plans, and expanded programs of immunization. On the other hand, its weaknesses mentioned by the participants were: disease-based case definition, poor public awareness, poor inter-sectoral collaboration and coordination, insufficient resources, delayed or no notifying target diseases, lack of district laws or incomplete implementation of legislation, failure to provide feedback or ignoring for the results of the analysis, and lack of performance evaluation. Conclusion: Although the implementation of the communicable diseases surveillance system was a huge achievement in the health system of Iran, however, it needs more improvements based on the present situation. Revision of the rules, restoration and strengthening of the existing structure, the use of modern information and communication technologies, and the establishment of the monitoring and evaluation system are helpful to increase its success.}, Keywords = {Communicable disease, Infection, Control, Surveillance, Iran}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {25-36}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.5.1.34.1}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-268-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-268-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Shabanikiya, Hamidreza and Gholami-Fadihegi, Mahdi and Khodashenas, Ezzat and Sohrabizadeh, Sanaz and HeidarianMiri, Hami}, title = {Research Paper: A Model for Predicting Hospitalized Children Appropriate for Early Discharge During Disasters}, abstract ={Background: Early Discharge is one of the most well-known strategies to increase hospital capacity during disasters, which is applicable by recognizing the patients appropriate for early discharge. Therefore, the current study was conducted to estimate a model for predicting hospitalized children appropriate for early discharge during disasters based on the attending physician’s opinion. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 pediatric patients hospitalized in the emergency and pediatrics wards of the hospitals covered by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Questionnaires were completed at the patient’s bedside by a trained questioner. The logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Results: Five variables, such as consciousness level (OR=4.677), dehydration status (2.596), ability to take milk/swallow (OR=1.930), blood oxygen saturation level (OR=1.186), and body temperature (OR=0.530) were determined as predictors for children appropriate for early discharge during disasters. The area under the ROC curve was calculated 0.848, which indicated a good curve fit of the estimated model.   Conclusion: The model presented in the current study can help clinical staff identify hospitalized children appropriate for early discharge during disasters.}, Keywords = {Pediatric, Early discharge, Disasters}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {37-44}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.5.1.259.2}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-264-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-264-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Laal, Fereydoon and FallahMadvari, Rohollah and Halvani, Gholamhossei}, title = {Research Paper: The Impact of Safety Programs on Accident Indicators in a Combined Cycle Power Plant}, abstract ={Background: Nowadays, safety management plans have an effective role in reducing the incidence of accidents. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the role of safety management systems on accidents and the status of safety performance indicators in a combined cycle power plant in 2011. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical research was carried out in two stages in all Yazd Combined Cycle Power Plant units on accident victims from 2004-2011, based on the documentation of the previous years and using census sampling. The Accident Frequency Rate (AFR), Accident Severity Rate (ASR), and Frequency Severity Rate (FSI) indices were derived from the OSHA standard using the formulas and data obtained from the completed questionnaires and interviews with the people. Results: The total number of accidents was 287 cases through the studied period (8 years). The results showed a significant relationship between age and work experience, as well as between age and marital status. The main causes of accidents were unsafe acts. The lowest level of personal protective equipment was used in 2004 (15.2%), whereas the highest rate was used in 2011 (30%). After the implementation of the Integrated Management Systems (IMSs), accident indicators showed a decreasing trend regarding the washing time. Also, the amount of AFR, ASR and FSI indices of the accidents in terms of work shift indicated a significant decrease in 2004 than after the implementation of the safety management systems. Conclusion: According to the results, due to the positive impact of safety programs (IMS), incident indicators had a downward trend and unsafe acts were decreased.}, Keywords = {Management, Safety, Accident indices, Occupational accidents}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {45-52}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.5.1.320.1}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-257-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-257-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ljunggren, Felix and LindénMoen, Ingrid and Rosengren, Kristi}, title = {Research Paper: How to be Prepared as a Disaster Nursing: An Interview Study With Nursing Students in Indonesia}, abstract ={Background: Indonesia is home to approximately 400 active volcanoes located on three different tectonic plates, which put it at risk of natural disasters. Accordingly, healthcare in emergencies and disasters is of great importance in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed at describing nursing students’ experiences of nursing education in disaster nursing in a university in Indonesia.  Materials and Methods: This qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach was conducted by semi-structured interviews with eight nursing students from a university in Indonesia.  Results: One category, namely, “Being prepared for a natural disaster”, and three subcategories, namely, “Feeling prepared in nursing”, “Managing limitations in nursing education” and “Managing uncertainty in nursing”, were identified. Nursing students considered that theory in disaster nursing was valuable; however, they lacked reality-based education to feel be prepared to perform the required tasks as forthcoming nurses.  Conclusion: Increased and repeated practical training using case studies in nursing education is important for improving nursing students’ preparedness in disaster nursing.}, Keywords = {Disaster nursing, Indonesia, Nursing students, Qualitative content analysis, Suffer}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {53-62}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences}, doi = {10.32598/hdq.5.1.334.1}, url = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-270-en.html}, eprint = {http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-270-en.pdf}, journal = {Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly}, issn = {2345-4210}, eissn = {2345-4210}, year = {2019} }