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Rajai N, Parandeh A, Azizi M, Mahmoudi H, Abbasian K. Self-sacrifice in Nursing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Concept Analysis With the Rogers Approach. Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly 2025; 11 (1) :33-46
URL: http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-624-en.html

Background: Sacrifice is a fundamental professional value in nursing, which became particularly prominent during the pandemic of COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the idea of self-sacrifice in nursing during this period, employing Rodgers’s evolutionary model as the analytical framework. 
Materials and Methods: The Rodgers’ concept analysis method was applied. Relevant literature was searched in CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, Magiran, IranMedex, and SID databases using keywords related to self-sacrifice in nursing. Seventeen related articles were selected for analysis.
Results: Self-sacrifice was a defining feature of nursing during COVID-19, involving prioritizing patient care over personal well-being despite severe risks. Internal factors influencing self-sacrifice included personal commitment, stress reduction, and professional excellence. External factors encompassed societal expectations, media influence, and the high-risk nursing environment during the pandemic. While self-sacrifice strengthened professional identity and personal growth, it also resulted in adverse effects, including work attendance despite illness (presenteeism), emotional and physical exhaustion (burnout), reduced patient safety, and a greater likelihood of leaving the profession.  
Conclusion: Although self-sacrifice is an integral part of nursing, its adverse effects must be mitigated by promoting self-care and improving working conditions to ensure sustainable commitment among nurses.