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1- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Aisyiyah, Yogyakarta, Indonesia & Woman, Family, and Disaster Studies, Universitas Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia , dwiprihatiningsih@unisayogya.ac.id
2- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Aisyiyah, Yogyakarta, Indonesia & Woman, Family, and Disaster Studies, Universitas Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Aisyiyah, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Aisyiyah, Yogyakarta, Indonesia & Woman, Family, and Disaster Studies, Universitas Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Aisyiyah, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Abstract: (3 Views)
Background: Nearly two decades after the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake that claimed 5,749 lives with 75% of damage concentrated in Bantul District, the transformation of traumatic experiences into systematic preparedness among women who face disproportionate vulnerability yet possess underutilized capacity remains a critical question. This study aimed to quantify individual and community earthquake preparedness levels, identify determinants, examine their relationships, explore underlying mechanisms, and analyze gender-specific preparedness patterns among women in Bantul.
Material and Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed methods methods design engaged 331 women completing Individual Earthquake Readiness Index (IERI) and Community Earthquake Readiness Index (CERI) surveys (Phase 1, July-August 2025), followed by in-depth interviews with 10 survivors and focus group with 7 stakeholders (Phase 2, August-September 2025). Inclusion criteria: women aged ≥20 years with ≥2 years Bantul residence. Phase 1 employed face-to-face surveys across 17 sub-districts using purposive sampling. Phase 2 used semi-structured interviews exploring quantitative patterns. Analysis included Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U tests, multiple regression, thematic analysis, and joint display matrices for integration.
Results: The study revealed a paradoxical pattern where community preparedness exceeded individual preparedness (21 percent versus 11 percent at very high levels), reflecting strong gotong royong solidarity. Despite 87 percent having direct experience with earthquakes, no association with preparedness emerged. Employment status emerged as the strongest determinant of preparedness. These patterns reveal a fundamental paradox: collectivist cultural strengths create compensatory resilience mechanisms but simultaneously mask deficits in individual preparation. Without sustained institutional programs, traumatic experience translates into spiritual coping rather than systematic preparedness, while existing social inequalities are reproduced rather than disrupted in disaster contexts.
Conclusions: Gender-transformative approaches are essential, requiring: (1) sustained programs converting trauma into preparedness through culturally sensitive interventions; (2) equity-focused targeting of vulnerable populations; (3) women's leadership in disaster governance; and (4) multi-level interventions linking individual and institutional preparedness.
Material and Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed methods methods design engaged 331 women completing Individual Earthquake Readiness Index (IERI) and Community Earthquake Readiness Index (CERI) surveys (Phase 1, July-August 2025), followed by in-depth interviews with 10 survivors and focus group with 7 stakeholders (Phase 2, August-September 2025). Inclusion criteria: women aged ≥20 years with ≥2 years Bantul residence. Phase 1 employed face-to-face surveys across 17 sub-districts using purposive sampling. Phase 2 used semi-structured interviews exploring quantitative patterns. Analysis included Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U tests, multiple regression, thematic analysis, and joint display matrices for integration.
Results: The study revealed a paradoxical pattern where community preparedness exceeded individual preparedness (21 percent versus 11 percent at very high levels), reflecting strong gotong royong solidarity. Despite 87 percent having direct experience with earthquakes, no association with preparedness emerged. Employment status emerged as the strongest determinant of preparedness. These patterns reveal a fundamental paradox: collectivist cultural strengths create compensatory resilience mechanisms but simultaneously mask deficits in individual preparation. Without sustained institutional programs, traumatic experience translates into spiritual coping rather than systematic preparedness, while existing social inequalities are reproduced rather than disrupted in disaster contexts.
Conclusions: Gender-transformative approaches are essential, requiring: (1) sustained programs converting trauma into preparedness through culturally sensitive interventions; (2) equity-focused targeting of vulnerable populations; (3) women's leadership in disaster governance; and (4) multi-level interventions linking individual and institutional preparedness.
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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC-By-NC 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
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