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Subandi A, Noerjoedianto D, Nurhusna N, Oktarina Y, Nasution R A. Fire Preparedness and Risk Awareness Among Islamic Boarding School Students in Indonesia: A Quantitative Citywide Survey in Jambi. Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly 2026; 11 (4) :339-350
URL: http://hdq.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-798-en.html

Background: Fire incidents in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in Indonesia continue to occur frequently due to structural vulnerabilities, weak safety protocols, and low student preparedness. However, empirical research specifically addressing fire readiness in pesantren remains limited. This study aimed to examine levels of fire preparedness among pesantren students in Jambi City, Indonesia, by assessing risk awareness, self-efficacy, participation in fire training, and involvement in maintaining safety facilities.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted with 1,857 students from 10 Islamic boarding schools using a 31-item fire preparedness questionnaire developed for the pesantren context. Content validity was established through expert judgment (content validity ratio and content validity index), while construct validity was tested using exploratory factor analysis. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s α. The data were descriptively analyzed to classify preparedness levels.
Results: Most students were classified as moderately prepared (59.1%), followed by unprepared (36.5%) and highly prepared (4.4%). Although general risk awareness was adequate, students demonstrated low confidence in managing emergencies and limited involvement in fire drills and equipment maintenance.
Conclusion: Fire preparedness in pesantren remains insufficient, particularly regarding practical readiness and self-efficacy. Strengthening simulation-based training, improving inspection routines, and integrating disaster education into the pesantren curriculum are recommended.